Projector



March l2, 1929. H WELLMAN 1,704,814

PROJECTOR Filed sept. 30, 192e ATTORNEYS.

Puemed Mu. 12, 1929. UNITED STATES l 1,104,814 PATENT oFFIcE.

HOWARD O. Ww, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASBIGNR TO EABTIAN KODAK OODANY,Ol' ROOHRSTER, m YORK, A CORPORATION Ol' NEW YORK.

PROJECTOR.

Appnemen mea september so, 1m. sex-m1 1n. 13am.

This invention relates to a projector and more particularly to such anapparatus through which a strip of film 1s a vanced a step at a time.

The objects of this inventlon are to provide a simple structure by whichthe film ma be moved accurately by hand as desired, and7 to furnishprovision for adjusting the position of the film slightly for framingwithout affecting the accuracy of the pulldownfmovement. These and otherobjects are attained b the mechanism fully described hereina er,reference being made to the accom anying drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is aside e evation of a projector embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view of the means for holding the picture area at definitelycentered positions;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view, partly .1n section, showing the sprocketand its mounting;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section showing an alternative form of clutch.

The projector in which I have chosen to illustrate my inventioncomprises a lamphouse 1, which is shown as a three-sided open casingadapted to be placed overV a suitable lamp and support (not shown) having complementary parts. A Ventilating openin 2 and strengtheningbosses 46 are shown 111 the lamphouse. On the front wall 6 is carriedthe usual condenser 7, and a casing 8 comprising walls 9 and 10. Theside wall 9 extends up to form a wall 11 of the upper film chamber 12and down to form a side wall 13 of lower film chamber 14. The front wallof the casin comprises a sheet of metal 18 bowed to fit t e front edgeof wall 10, along which it is extended laterally to form a flange 3, thelends of which are 1n alignment with the top and bottom of wall 10.Plate 18 is continued at its ends to form the cylindrical walls 19 and2O of the open film chambers 12 and 14. A screw 2l is positioned on wall9 forwardly of the plate 18 and on this is pivoted the member 22, whichis bowed to fit plate 18, and which is resiliently pressed against it byspring 23 coiled around the screw and having its ends 24 and -25contacting the cylindrical wall 20 and member 22 respectively.

Registering apertures are formed in members 18 and 22, which constitutea gate, to form a window 26 in alignment with condenser 7. Wall 9 iscontinued forwardly and, with the complementary member 15 attachedthereto by screws 16, embraces the objective mount 43, the objective beiin ali ent with the window 26 and con enser A strengthening boss 45 isformed in wall 9, which also carries a spring behind which the extension61 on the hinged resser member 22 can be snapped, holding t e gate openwhile the film is threaded through it.

The handle 40 is part of a mechanism, not shown, for moving a pointeracross the gate, thls being described in the pending ap lication of A.Stuber, Serial No. 138,645, l September 30, 1926.

he apparatus shown is used principally for the projection of stillpictures from a stri of perforated film 50, a loose coil of which isplaced in the upper chamber 12 over pin 47. The film is threaded betweenpresser 22 and fixed wall 18 and as the film 1s advanced it will coilitself loosely about pin 48 in chamber 14. The film chambers and thegate are open from the side shown in Fig'. 1.

A sprocket 27 having teeth 28 extending through slots 31 in wall 18 toengage perforationsfl of the film is supported in the casing betweenwalls 9 and 10. A shaft 30 with a knurled finger piece 29 extendsthrough wall 9 and journal block 36 and carries a block 32 having fourconcave sides 33, engaged by a bowed leaf spring 34 attached to wall 9by screws 35.

Sprocket 27 carries at one end a rin 37 bly which it is pinned to sleeveshaft 38 1nto tie hollow end 39 of which the end 41 of shaft 30 extends.The solid end of shaft 38 extends through the bearing 42 in wall 10 andcarries at its end a knurled finger piece 44. The bore of sprocket 27 islarger at one end leaving an annular space 59 around shaft 38. In t isspace is positioned a coiled spring 52 fitting shaft 38 rather closelyand attached at one end to block 32 at 58.

The direction of coiling of the wire of this spring is such that if thehandle 29 is turned in the direction to advance the film, the springwill bind on shaft 38 and the two shafts wlll turn together. If handle29 is turned in the reverse direction, the spring 52 will not gri theshaft 38 and will not turn it. If han le 44 is turned in the directionto advance the film, it will turn the sprocket and shaft 38 withoutmovement of shaft 30,while if it is turned in the reverse direction, itwill turn both shafts.

The s ring 34 holds the shaft 30 in position an a quarter turn of thesprocket and shaft will bring another picture into exhibitin position.If succeeding pictures are uni ormly framed with respect to every fourthperforation in the film, the only action on the part of the operator isto turn handle 29 a quarter revolution to project the pictures insuccession. If a picture is out of frame, he can correct this by turninghandle 44 in a forward direction; or if the misframe is in the oppositedirection, he can turn the film back a whole frame by handle 44 and thenturn handle 44 ahead sufficiently to correct framing. To show picturesin the reverse order, or to return to a previously exhibited picture inthe normal order, the handle 44 is turned in the reverse directionturning the centering block and shaft 30 and not affecting the framing.

It is evident that spring 52 constitutes a one-way friction clutch, andthat other oneway clutches of the friction type or of other types may besubstituted for it. An instance of such an alternative clutch is shown1n Fig. 4, where 30 is the shaft carrying a block 32 with concave sides33 as previously described. The sleeve shaft 38 corresponds to shaft 38already described but has, adjacent block 32, fine ratchet teeth 54adapted to be engaged by pawl 55 carried on pivot pin 56 on block 32 andurged toward the ratchet teeth by spring 57. The o eration of this issimilar to the mechanism rst described but it does not permit of suchfine adjustment.

It is obvious that numerous other embodiments of my invention arepossible, and I contemplate as within my invention all suchmodifications and equivalents as fall within the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a projector, a frame, a gate on said frame with an exposurewindow, a sprocket rotatably supported by the frame in position toengage a film band and move it past said window, means for turning saidsprocket, means for centering said turning means at definitepredetermined angular intervals, a one-way clutch between and connectingsaid sprocket and turning means, and a second means for turning thesprocket independently of the first named means.

2. In a projector, a frame, a gate on said frame with an exposurewindow, a sprocket rotatably supported by the frame in position to enage a film band and move it past said win ow, a manipulating handlerotatably carried by the frame, a one-way clutch between and connectingsaid handle and sprocket, means for holding said handle atpredeterminedl positions, separated by uniform, angular intervals and asecond handle connected to the sprocket whereb it may be turnedindependently of the rst named handle.

, 3. In a pro'ector, a frame, a gate with an exposure win ow, a shaftrotatably mounted in the frame and carrying a sprocket wheel adapted toenga e a erforated film and move it past sai win ow, a handle on theshaft whereby the sprocket may be turned manually in either dlrection, asecond shaft rotatably mounted in the frame, a manipulating handle onthe second shaft and a oneway clutch connection between the two shafts,whereby the sprocket may be turned 1n one direction only by the lastnamed handle.

4. In a projector, a frame, a gate with an exposure window, a shaftrotatably mounted in the frame and carrying a sprocket wheel adapted toengage a perforated film and move it past said window, a handle on theshaft whereby the sprocket may be turned manually in either direction, asecond shaft rotatably mounted in the frame, centering means carried bysaid second shaft at even angular intervals thereupon, and a one-wayclutch connection between the two shafts whereby the sprocket may beturned in one direction only by the second shaft.

5. In a projector, a frame, a gate with an exposure window, a shaftrotatably mounted in the frame, a sprocket wheel carried thereby andpositioned to engage a perforated film band and move it past saidwindow, a manipulating handle connected to said shaft, a second shaftrotatably mounted in the frame coaxially with the first shaft, means forholding said second shaft at predetermined positions separated byuniform angular intervals, and a one-way, friction clutch connectingsaid shafts.

6. In a projector, a frame, a gate with an exposure window, a shaftrotatably mounted in the frame, a sprocket wheel carried thereby andpositioned to engage a perforated film band and move it past saidwindow, a manipulating handle connected to said shaft, a memberrotatably carried by the frame coaxially with the shaft, means forholding said member at predetermined positions separated by uniformangular intervals, and a spring coiled snugly around said shaft andhaving one/end attached to said member and constituting a one-wayfriction clutch, the spring constituting the sole driving connectionbetween the shaft and the member.

7. In a projector, a frame, a gate with an exposure window, a sleeveshaft rotatably mounted in the frame, a sprocket wheel rigidly attachedthereto andxpositioned to engage a perforated film and move it past saidwindow, a handle carried by said shaft, a second shaft rotatably mountedin the frame coaxially with the first and extending within the sleeveshaft, a, block rigidly cara spring coiled snugly around said sleeveried by said second shaft and having centershaft and attached at one endto the block ing depressions at uniform angular interand constituting a.one-Way friction clutch 10 vals, a spring carried by said frame andbetween the two shafts.

5 pressing yieldably against .said block and Signed at Rochester, NewYork, this 25 adapted to engage the depressions and therelay ofSeptember, 1926.

by hold the block in centered position, and HOWARD C. WELLMAN.

